📜 Biographies
Ünlü Kişilerin Hayat Hikayeleri
🎯 Bu Ünitede Neler Öğreneceğiz?
- Ünlü kişilerin hayat hikayelerini okuma ve anlama
- Geçmiş zaman (Simple Past Tense) kullanımı
- Biyografi yazma teknikleri
- Tarih ifadeleri (dates, years)
- Meslek ve başarı kelimeleri
- Was/Were kullanımı
📚 Simple Past Tense (Geçmiş Zaman)
Olumlu Cümle Yapısı:
Subject + Verb (V2) + Object
➤ He lived in Turkey.
➤ She studied medicine.
➤ They became famous.
Olumsuz Cümle Yapısı:
Subject + didn’t + Verb (V1) + Object
➤ He didn’t live in Turkey.
➤ She didn’t study medicine.
➤ They didn’t become famous.
Soru Cümlesi Yapısı:
Did + Subject + Verb (V1) + Object?
➤ Did he live in Turkey?
➤ Did she study medicine?
➤ Did they become famous?
📖 Önemli Düzensiz Fiiller (Irregular Verbs)
| V1 (Infinitive) | V2 (Past) | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | olmak | He was a scientist. |
| become | became | olmak | She became a doctor. |
| write | wrote | yazmak | He wrote many books. |
| win | won | kazanmak | She won a Nobel Prize. |
| make | made | yapmak | He made inventions. |
| go | went | gitmek | They went to America. |
| die | died | ölmek | He died in 1938. |
| invent | invented | icat etmek | He invented the telephone. |
📅 Tarih İfadeleri (Expressing Dates)
| Expression | Example | Turkish |
|---|---|---|
| in + year | He was born in 1881. | 1881’de doğdu. |
| on + date | She died on 10 November. | 10 Kasım’da öldü. |
| at the age of | He died at the age of 57. | 57 yaşında öldü. |
| when + clause | When he was 15, he went to school. | 15 yaşındayken okula gitti. |
👨🔬 Örnek Biyografi: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was born in 1881 in Thessaloniki. He was a great leader and soldier. He studied at military schools. When he was young, he became an officer in the Ottoman Army.
During World War I, he fought in many battles. He became famous after the Gallipoli Campaign in 1915. After the war, he started the Turkish War of Independence.
In 1923, he founded the Republic of Turkey and became its first president. He made many reforms to modernize Turkey. He died on 10 November 1938 at the age of 57.
✏️ Biyografi Yazma Yapısı
1. Giriş (Introduction):
➤ İsim, doğum tarihi ve yeri
Example: Marie Curie was born in 1867 in Poland.
2. Erken Hayat (Early Life):
➤ Çocukluk, eğitim
Example: She studied physics and mathematics in Paris.
3. Kariyer ve Başarılar (Career & Achievements):
➤ Önemli işler, başarılar, buluşlar
Example: She discovered radium and won two Nobel Prizes.
4. Sonuç (Conclusion):
➤ Ölüm tarihi veya miras
Example: She died in 1934. She was a great scientist.
📝 Alıştırmalar
Exercise 1: Doğru fiil formunu seçin
1. Albert Einstein _______ (be) born in Germany in 1879.
2. He _______ (study) physics at university.
3. He _______ (win) the Nobel Prize in 1921.
4. He _______ (die) in 1955.
Cevaplar:
1. was | 2. studied | 3. won | 4. died
Exercise 2: Cümleyi olumsuz yapın
1. He lived in England. → He _______ in England.
2. She wrote novels. → She _______ novels.
3. They became famous. → They _______ famous.
Cevaplar:
1. didn’t live | 2. didn’t write | 3. didn’t become
📌 Özet
Bu ünitede biyografi metinlerini okumayı ve yazmayı öğrendik. Simple Past Tense kullanarak geçmişteki olayları anlatmayı, düzenli ve düzensiz fiilleri, tarih ifadelerini öğrendik. Ünlü kişilerin hayat hikayelerini İngilizce olarak anlatabiliriz.
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